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National Center for PTSD

Related Disorders

Below is a list of information currently available from the National Center for PTSD about disorders that commonly co-occur with PTSD, such as substance abuse, anxiety, and depression. For more information, click on the related links and/or search the PILOTS database for a more complete listing of articles available on this topic.

Fact sheets for the public

Acute Stress Disorder
Brief information about Acute Stress Disorder, including how it relates to PTSD, who is at risk, how it is diagnosed, and treatment options

Acute Stress Disorder: A Brief Description
Explains briefly what ASD is, how common it is, who is at risk, how it differs from PTSD, and effective treatments

Anger and Trauma
Describes the links between trauma and anger and provides treatment strategies for anger management

Avoidance
Examples of avoidance behavior, why some people use this tactic to cope, and how one can address the situation so avoidance doesn't interfere with recovery

Complex PTSD
Describes the differences between reactions to acute trauma and reactions to prolonged, chronic trauma

Disasters and Substance Abuse or Dependence
Discusses the empirical findings on substance use and abuse following disasters

Effects of the Persian Gulf War on U.S. Veterans
Focuses on what is known about Gulf War Illness and briefly summarizes the psychological and physical effects that Gulf War veterans experience

Effects of Traumatic Experiences
Common primary and secondary effects of trauma

The Experience of Chronic Pain and PTSD: A Guide for Health Care Providers and Patients

Explains what chronic pain is and how it's related to PTSD, describes treatment options for patients and recommendations for health care providers

Managing Stress and Recovering from Trauma
A brief guide to recognizing the symptoms of stress and managing traumatic stress

Nightmares
Explores the difference between PTSD nightmares and ordinary nightmares and discusses ways to reduce nightmares

The Problem of Dual Disorders: PTSD and Substance Abuse
An interview with Ismene Petrakis, M.D., about understanding and treating patients who have PTSD in combination with substance abuse disorders, particularly alcoholism

PTSD and Physical Health
An overview of recent research that confirms that trauma and PTSD affect physical health

PTSD and Problems with Alcohol Use
Information on the impact of PTSD on alcohol use and dependence, which commonly occur in tandem with PTSD

PTSD Information for Women's Medical Providers
A fact sheet for medical providers working with women who have a history of sexual trauma

Self-Harm
Description of self-harm, discussion of it's prevalence, who engages in it and why, and how self-harm is treated

Suicide
Examines the connection between PTSD and suicide. Provides information about suicide as a traumatic event, reasons for suicide, and what to do if you are feeling suicidal or have been exposed to suicide.

Sleep and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)
Information on the effects of trauma on sleep patterns

Fact sheets for professionals

Managing Grief after Disaster
Information about the nature of traumatic bereavement and grief as well as risk factors and treatment options

Published Information by National Center for PTSD staff

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Website Links

Psychnet-UK
Links and information about acute stress disorder.

Alcoholics Anonymous
A link to the most popular US organization for recovery from alcoholism.

American Self-Harm Information Clearinghouse
Information source about self-harm.